Tips To Effective Global Communication

Introduction Up until recently, communication with the outside world was difficult due to lack of technology. Engaging in global businesses was almost impossible but that has now changed and global communication has been made easy. Introduction of new and effective technology such as internet, telephones and televisions has made communication cheaper and faster.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on Tips To Effective Global Communication specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More With our expanding company now engaging in business with Japan, Germany and France, all the employees will need to learn how to communicate globally. The purpose of this is to enhance the working relationship in the three countries, to avoid shameful language that can destroy the working relationship and to help us diversify. We shall discuss tips on how to become effective global communicators. Learn The Other Cultures To become an effective global c ommunicator, one needs to conduct a research on the other culture in order to learn how to communicate with them. Due to cultural difference, each cultural language differs with the other. One needs to get out of the local communication he is used to and adopt the global communication. This tends to be difficult if the other culture is not understood properly and lack of research can act as a hindrance to effective communication. Gray (57) suggests that one needs to visit the other culture and completely immerse himself in it to understand it better. Tan (9) tends to agree with this by arguing that each community has a different way of how they conduct their business and if one needs to learn the different culture of that community. Break Language Barriers The English language is commonly used when communicating but one should be wary of countries that do not use it as a primary language (Tan 96). In our case, we shall be engaging with the people from France whose primary language i s French and not English. In order to effectively communicate with our counterparts from France, one should avoid witty English jargon and maintain simplicity. It is also important to note some of the words used in communication as some countries take some words to be offensive in their culture (Muddyman 115). Learn To Read Between The Lines Some cultures are very sensitive and one should be very careful when communicating with them. If it is a face-to-face meeting, learn how to watch the body language of the listeners to determine whether your language is causing a discomfort or not. If it is through a telephone call, some actions like silence on the other end can indicate many reactions to the discussion at hand (Gray 48).Advertising Looking for article on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This helps one to know how his information or message is being received. If an odd expression is noticed, then one n eeds to tactically change the wordings he is using to communicate. Learn How To Localize Any global communicator needs to learn how to localize tactfully with the locals. According to Gray (2008), localization needs balancing between its expense and the benefits one expect to achieve. Muddyman (25) further advise that when localizing, one should not be keen on the localized words being communicated rather than the message being put across to the local employees. One should seek services of a local communicator or a firm that has expertise in effective translation. Research OnThe Country’s Work Culture Each country handles their businesses differently. According to Tan (20), one needs to do a research on how different countries do their business. In Japan for example, they like going straight to business and their impatience will automatically tell if you are veering off the subject. In the research, one needs to know how employees in different countries react and feel towards a certain messages being communicated to them (Muddyman 46). The employees in Germany for example expect a message that is put in the company’s goals context. Those in France on the other hand prefer messages that have consequences that will last for a longer period. A good way of understanding the work culture of the different countries will be by encouraging a feedback kind of communication in any of the messages sent to them. This helps to understand how they conduct their business in the feed-back message and to be able to gauge their feelings towards a particular thing. It also helps to build trust between the two companies (Gray 22). Embrace The Modern Technology Acquiring the state of art communication equipment and learning how to operate them should be among the main priorities of any global communicator. Technology advances over the years and one should be able to keep up to date with the latest trend for effective communication around the world (Tan 56). This avoi ds delays in any business transaction and any global communicator should always remember that ‘time lost is money lost.’ Conclusion Anybody can learn how to become a global communicator and it only calls for individual passion to learn how to. We shall all need to learn by following the given tips in order to enhance our business relations between France, Germany and Japan.Advertising We will write a custom article sample on Tips To Effective Global Communication specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Works Cited Gray, Dave. Ten Tips For Global Communicators. Communication Nation. April 2010. Web. Muddyman, Gary. 3 Simple Steps For Effective Global Communication. International Association of Business Communication. July 2010. Web. Tan, Teresa. How To Communicate Globally. eHOW. Sept 2010. Web. This article on Tips To Effective Global Communication was written and submitted by user Miriam W. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

To investigate the relationship between the velocity of a parachute and the drag force Essay Example

To investigate the relationship between the velocity of a parachute and the drag force Essay Example To investigate the relationship between the velocity of a parachute and the drag force Essay To investigate the relationship between the velocity of a parachute and the drag force Essay Viscosity :- The viscosity of a fluid is a measure of its resistance to flow. Viscous forces acting on bodies moving through a fluid and in fluids moving through pipes and channels. The pressure in a fluid decreases where the speed increases.Stokes Law :- An equation relating the terminal settling velocity of a smooth, rigid sphere in a viscous fluid of known density and viscosity to the diameter of the sphere when subjected to a known force field. It is used in the particle-size analysis of soils by the pipette, hydrometer, or centrifuge methods. The equation is:V = (2grà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½)(d1-d2)/9à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½whereV = velocity of fall (cm sec-à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½),g = acceleration of gravity (cm sec-à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½),r = equivalent radius of particle (cm),dl = density of particle (g cm -à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½),d2 = density of medium (g cm-à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½), andà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ = viscosity of medium (dyne sec cm-à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½).A falling object has an acceleration equal to g, provided air resistance is negligible. If air resistance is significant, the force due to air resistance drags on the object. This drag force increases as the object speeds up, until the force becomes equal and opposite to its weight. The acceleration becomes zero because the resultant force on the object becomes zero. The speed therefore becomes constant; this value is referred to as the Terminal Velocity.TaskTo investigate the effect of a change in mass on the time taken for a parachute to fall a set distance.Other variables that could be investigated are:à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Surface area of the parachuteà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Length of string (between the parachute and mass), which might control the volume of air under the parachute.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Distribution of mass, i.e. perhaps on the parachute itself as opposed to on string attached to the parachute (this of course would not be a continuous variable so it would not be of great value).ApparatusA square of bin liner, thread, sticky tape, plasticene, and weighing scales.MethodOne parachute w as assembled using a square of bin liner, thread and sticky tape. The thread was tied in such a way that plasticene masses could be attached. For each mass, the experiment was performed three times and after completion, the entire investigation was repeated. The actual experiments consisted of timing how long the parachute took to travel from the ceiling to the floor, a distance of 2.85 metres. The measurements were taken in grams and then converted into Newtons for more accurate results.In order to make this a fair test I am going to keep a number of things constant, e.g., the bin liner parachute, the length of the string, the distance for it to fall, the surface area of the parachute, and the distribution of mass.DiagramPredictionsà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ The larger the mass, the shorter the time because when the mass is larger the parachute accelerates to a higher speed due to the terminal velocity being higher.TheoryVelocity = DistanceTimeAcceleration = Increase in VelocityTimeResultsExperi ment 1Mass (N) Time 1 (s) Time 2 (s) Time 3 (s) Average Time (s) Average Velocity (m/s)* Average Acceleration (m/s2)0.02 3.35 3.29 3.31 3.32 0.86 0.260.04 2.17 2.35 2.18 2.23 1.28 0.570.06 1.72 1.88 1.64 1.75 1.63 0.930.08 1.58 1.65 1.62 1.62 1.76 1.090.10 1.46 1.41 1.23 1.37 2.08 1.520.12 1.26 1.29 1.31 1.29 2.21 1.710.14 1.11 1.27 1.08 1.15 2.48 2.160.16 1.15 1.13 1.04 1.11 2.57 2.320.18 1.04 1.18 1.05 1.09 2.61 2.390.20 1.03 0.97 1.10 1.04 2.74 2.63Experiment 2Mass (N) Time 1 (s) Time 2 (s) Time 3 (s) Average Time (s) Average Velocity (m/s)* Average Acceleration (m/s2)0.02 2.78 2.32 3.28 2.79 1.02 0.370.04 2.18 2.30 1.67 2.05 1.39 0.680.06 1.57 1.40 1.50 1.49 1.91 1.280.08 1.09 1.14 1.25 1.16 2.46 2.120.10 1.19 1.31 1.29 1.26 2.26 1.790.12 1.13 1.20 1.14 1.16 2.46 2.120.14 1.09 1.07 1.13 1.10 2.59 2.350.16 0.91 1.08 1.10 1.03 2.77 2.690.18 0.88 1.01 1.06 0.98 2.91 2.970.20 0.93 0.97 1.00 0.97 2.94 3.03Averages Over Experiments 1 and 2Mass (N) Average Time (s) Average Velocity (m/ s)* Average Acceleration (m/s2)0.02 3.06 0.93 0.300.04 2.14 1.33 0.620.06 1.62 1.76 1.090.08 1.39 2.05 1.470.10 1.32 2.16 1.640.12 1.23 2.32 1.890.14 1.13 2.52 2.230.16 1.07 2.66 2.490.18 1.04 2.74 2.630.20 0.97 2.94 3.03Notes* This was calculated using the formula above (in the Theory section) using the Average Time. Unfortunately, in this case, it is not possible (without further study into complex formulae) to calculate the actual change in velocity due to the fact that the finishing velocity, or in this case the terminal velocity, remains unknown. Therefore, in order to give a very rough idea of the average acceleration, the average velocity was used as the finishing velocity and, obviously, 0 m/s used as the starting velocity (which in this case is correct).Analysisà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ The first prediction, albeit rather basic, was correct and, although it was not tested, it is safe to presume that this is due to the fact that when the mass is larger, so is the terminal velocity. This means that the parachute can accelerate to a higher velocity resulting in a shorter time.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ As can be seen from the graph above it can be seen that the drop in time is rather large to begin with but gets smaller as the mass increases. This cervical result leads one to believe that there is a limit to the terminal velocity. This would imply that once a larger mass is added, a terminal terminal velocity is achieved beyond which a parachute cannot accelerate. This is presumably due to the lesser effect of air resistance at higher masses.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ The same pattern can be seen average velocities, but obviously going up rather than down, but to a lesser extent.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ The mass is directly proportional to the velocity (as the mass increases the speed increases) , and the velocity and mass is indirectly proportional to the time ( as the speed and mass increases the time decreases).Evaluationà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ As was said in the Notes section above, it would be highly preferable to be able to calculate the final velocity, and even better the terminal velocity. The final velocity could be calculated with the use of computer sensors to measure the velocity in the last, say, 10cm. In order to calculate the terminal velocity it would be sensible to increase the distance travelled in order to ensure that the parachute does indeed reach terminal velocity before the velocity at the end is measured.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ As far as inaccuracies are concerned, it is obvious to see, from the Average Times graph, that the most problematic results are those measured for a mass of 0.08 N. Fortunately, they even out to provide a good average curve.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Another problem could be the results for a mass of 0.20 N where you can see that the results seem to converge as opposed to following the otherwise reasonably error-free curve.à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Lastly, it must be further re-iterated that the Average Accelerations, and to a lesser extent the Average Velocities, use very inaccurate results due to the fact that the final velocity, and therefore the acceleration, is unknown. Therefore, the graphs of those results show very little of value other than to highlight the aforementioned inaccuracies, because they show up much more on those graphs.Conclusionsà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ This theory could be proved, as well as the terminal terminal velocity calculated by using the usual mechanics formulae:i) s = ut + 1/2at2ii) v2 = u2 + 2asiii) s = (u + v)2Unfortunately, without knowledge of the terminal velocity, or the real acceleration, this cant be done properly. However, to give a rough idea of how it could be used, the test is detailed below:In an attempt to acquire the most accurate results possible, albeit a futile attempt, the third formula will be used and the average velocity used in place of the terminal velocity.1) To begin with, try the first set of results, i.e. a mass of 0.02 N:s = (0 + 0.93)2 s = 0.465Quite obviously, this distance is nowhere near the actual distance o f 2.85m but, of course, it shouldnt be because with such a small mass, air resistance is still playing a major part.2) Next, the results for a mass of 0.12 N will be tried:s = (0 + 2.32)2 s = 1.16Again, this is nowhere near the actual distance but it is getting closer.3) Lastly, the results for the last mass, 0.20 N, will be tried:s = (0 + 2.94)2 s = 1.47It would appear then, in conclusion, that this test was a failure. The question is, though, is this because of the fact that the final velocity is obviously false, or because this is not the way to go about finding the terminal terminal velocity, which of course may not exist. In all likelihood, however, looking at the results, it does exist but without the actual values for the final, or terminal, velocity, it is difficult to prove its existence.

Write report of CESIM simulation of marketing n logistic department Essay

Write report of CESIM simulation of marketing n logistic department - Essay Example Various news such as the safety of using phones n airplanes and quality of the mobile phones to withstand pressure. For instance, the case of a phone exploding in airplane reported in China influenced the USA market demand for phones, decreasing it by 3%, and in Asia it decreased by 7%. Europe, case is conspicuous as demand remains unchanged. Further, as the oil wars diminish, the transportation costs reduce by 6%. Nonetheless, product costs remain unchanged. The factor of outsourcing in USA stand at capacity of 13% while in China is 19%. This results in reduction of up to 6% in outsourcing costs. Additionally, another elemental factor of consideration is the macro environment of the department in handling the handset sales. The factors within the global context, such including the finance industry, affect the organisation performance. The corporate tax rate raises to 22%, as aspects of competitiveness of the various economies impact the markets. Consequently, currency rates fall against the USD such as the Rmb, which fell by 10%. The EU rebounds, bringing the interest rates in Europe down. However, the rates in USA and China increase by quarter and half respectively. Thus, such developments present Europe as the destination for the organisation, as the market is viable and stable. The influence of these factors in the macro environment influence the outcome of the business environment remarkably as the department pursues its establishment in the various sectors of operation within the industry (Kotler 2013, p. 67). Thus, in view of these factors affecting the macro environme nt of the department, the effect is visible on the results presented by the department. The poor results in the marketing and establishment of the department to success are evidence of the impacts within the micro and macro environments within the industry. The CESIM model entails several strategic simulations to evaluate and formulate perceptions of the

Questionare Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Questionare - Essay Example The descriptive phase follows, in which the demographic and statistical information on the target population and target program emulations are determined in respective forms of their completeness and efficiency. â€Å"Exploratory studies are most typically done†¦ to satisfy the researcher’s curiosity and desire for better understanding, to test the feasibility of undertaking a more careful study, and to develop the methods to be employed† (Babbie, 1995, p. 84). #12 Between Kà ¤rtnerstrasse, Graben and Kohlmarkt, which is the most popular street? Why? ________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ #13 How much would you expect to spend in a typical day of shopping? On how much designer products would this money typically be spent? ______ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Multiple choice form is optimal for diversity since it also affords anonymity and privacy while simultaneously reducing the amount of confusion often attendant upon a questionnaire interview that is evinced by so many. The survey that is given to individuals representing two different sides of the issue of the effectiveness of research into presented issues. Respondents are instructed, Please circle the letter that seems best to

International Financial Institutions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

International Financial Institutions - Essay Example It depends on the government of the recipient countries as to the utilization of aid funds and grants. Foreign assistance in the form of aid plays vital role in development of an underdeveloped country to the extent that they are utilized properly. Government institutions have also a significant role in the utilizing this amount. Good government policies not only help country in its development but also help in utilizing the donors' money properly. Existing research [e.g. Burnside and Dollar (1997), Mosley, Hudson and Verschoor (2004), Dalgaard, Hansen, and Tarp (2004), Burnside and Dollar (2000) etc.] suggests that academicians and scholars stress greatly on the importance of recipient country's policies in the effectiveness of aid. These authors regard aid as highly effective in poverty reduction and economic development only if the recipient country's policies are growth and development oriented. This suggests that although aid can contribute a lot towards economic development and prosperity, the result could be entirely opposite. Burnside and Dollar (1997) strongly opine that foreign aid leads to growth in poor countries with 'sound economic policies' (p4). The authors identify certain good policies that lead to long-term growth in recipient countries including "open trade regimes, fiscal discipline and avoidance of high inflation" (p5). They take example of Botswana and Indonesia as countries that performed well after receiving foreign aid whereas the countries like Tanzania and Zambia could not perform well. They studied the provision of bilateral aid in the period of Cold War and found that foreign aid provided to countries with poor economic policies such as Tanzania or Zambia was thoroughly wasted whereas it could lead to growth and development in countries with good economic policies. They argue that, "in a sound policy environment, aid attracts private investment, whereas in a poor policy environment, it displaces private investment." (p5). Hence, if the recipient country's economic policies are good or growth oriented, infusion of foreign aid can accelerate the process of economic development. For instance, if the existing policies of a recipient country accentuate open trade environment and encourage private investment, aid can be effective in removing the financial hurdles in the way of industrialization. The element of good and bad government policy is highly evident in the literature. The concept of good economic policy highlights the importance of aid allocation to the areas where it can be the most effective in bringing the desired results. Mosley, Hudson and Verschoor expound that "the marginal aid dollar should flow to where its effectiveness is highest, under the joint influence of existing policies and levels of poverty, not necessarily to where it is high" (2004, F218). Hence, the policies of recipient government which are relevant to the process of aid allocation truly determine the extent to which aid becomes effective in poverty reduction and economic growth or is simply wasted on less important issues. For example, if the goal of aid provision Dalgaard, Hansen, and Tarp "sufficiently poor economic management,

Different Raster Systems With Resolutions

Different Raster Systems With Resolutions Consider three different raster systems with resolutiuns of 640 by 480, 1280 by 1024, and 2560 by 2048. What size frame buffer in bytes is needed for each of these systems to store 12 bits per pixel? How, much storage: is required for each system if 24 bits per pixel are to be stored? Solution:- For 12 bits per pixel:- Frame buffer size=640* 480*12=3686400/8=460800bytes Frame buffer size=1280*1024*12=15728640/8=1966080 bytes Frame buffer size=2560*2048*12=62914560/8=7864320 bytes For 24 bits per pixel:- Frame buffer size=640*480*24=7372800/8 =921600bytes Frame buffer size=1280*1024*24=31457280bits=3932160 bytes Frame buffer size=2560*2048*24=125829120 bits=15728640 bytes Suppose an RGB raster system is to be designed using an 8-inch by 10-inch screen with a resolution of 100 pixels per inch in each direction. If we want to store 6 bits per pixel in the frame buffer, how much storage ( in bytes ) do we need for the frame buffer? Storage to store 6 bits per pixels=8*10*100*6=6000bytes How long would it take to load a 640 by 480 frame buffer with 12 bits per pixel, if lo5 bits can be transferred per second! How long would it take to load a 24-bit per pixel frame buffer with a resolution of 1280 by 1024 using this same transfer rate? For 12 bits per pixel:- Time taken=640*480*12=(3686400)/10^5=36.864 second For 24 bits per pixel:- Time taken=(1280*1024*24)/10^5=314.57second Consider two raster systems with resolutions of 640 by 480 and 1280 by 1024. How many pixels could be accessed per second in each of these systems by a display controller that refreshes the screen at a rate of 60 frames per second? What is the access time per pixel in each system? For resolution 640 by 480 Total pixels=640*480*60=18432000 pixels Time taken=1/18432000=5.425*10^-8 seconds For resolution 1280 by 1024 Total pixels =1280*1024*60=78643200 pixels Time taken =1/78643200=1.27*10^-8 seconds How much time is spent scanning across each row of pixels during screen refresh on a raster system with a resolution of 1280 by 1024 and refresh rate of 60 frames per second? 1024*60=61440rows Time taken =1/61440=1.628^-5seconds Section B Wide-Screen displays Widescreen usually refers to the aspect ratio of an image. In general terms, most images are considered to be in widescreen format when they have an aspect ratio larger than 4:3. When talking about widescreen, generally, most people are referring to the aspect ratio or shape of their TV set, monitor or digital image. One of the best ways to understand widescreen is to compare it with the most common type of aspect ratio, 4:3 which is the aspect ratio or shape of a standard TV set. A standard TV set is pretty much boxy in shape. The aspect ratio is 4:3, this means that the TV screen is 4 times wide by three times high. Because this ratio is almost equal to each other, it is considered similar to a box or square. A perfect square would be 4:4, which is really a ratio that is to 1:1. So now that we know that a standard TV is boxy or squares in shape having an aspect ratio of 4:3, widescreen formats usually have 16:9, a much more rectangular shape. A rectangular is a much more natural looking image. When the human eye sees the world, it does not see a box, but mainly a panorama image. We might focus our attention on a square shape in front of us, but there is a lot more visual information that our peripheral vision picks up. 16:9 aspect ratio is considered widescreen format and is much more natural to view. Most cinematic films are an aspect ratio of 16:9, so they can be viewed easily on a widescreen TV or monitor. You might not have realized that when you watch a movie on your standard TV that has an aspect ratio of 4:3, part of the sides of the movie are cut off or cropped. When you watch a movie on a widescreen, you are able to see the entire picture without any cropping. Sometimes widescreen is referred to by the term letterbox meaning a rectangular shape. Wide screen TV:- When television was introduced and for many years since then the aspect ratio was 4:3. The original standard aspect ratio for films was 4:3 , the adoption of the Academy ratio 1932 brought a slight change to a 1.37 aspect ratio. Material which was originally widescreen (e.g., Cinemascope films) were often transmitted with the sides truncated, using a technique called pan and scan. The introduction of a wider television format was met with some resistance within the film industry, but eventually became the norm. In Europe the PAL TV format, with its higher number of visible screen lines means that the low horizontal resolution associated with showing un cropped widescreen movies on TV is not as bad There is even an extension to PAL, called PAL plus, which allows specially equipped receivers to receive a PAL picture as true 16:9 with full 576 lines of vertical resolution, provided the stations employ the same system. Standard PAL receivers will receive such a broadcast as a 16:9 image letterboxed to 4:3, with a small amount of color noise in the black bars; this noise is actually the additional lines which are hidden inside the color signal. This system has no equivalent in analog NTSC broadcasting. Despite the existence of PALplus and support for widescreen in the DVB-based digital satellite, terrestrial and cable broadcasts in use across Europe, only Belgium, Ireland, the Netherlands, Austria, Germany, Scandinavia and the UK have taken up widescreen at any great rate, with over half of all widescreen channels available by satellite in Europe targeting those areas. 16:9 TV displays have come into wide use. They are typically used in conjunction with Digital, High-Definition Television (HDTV) receivers, or Standard-Definition DVD players and other digital television sources. Digital material is provided to widescreen TVs either in high-definition format, which is natively 16:9 , or as an anamorphically-compressedstandard-definition picture. Typically, devices decoding Digital Standard-Definition pictures can be programmed to provide anamorphic widescreen formatting, for 16:9 sets, and formatting for 4:3 sets. Pan-and-scan mode can be used on 4:3 if the producers of the material have included the necessary panning data; if this data is absent, letterboxing or centre cut-out is used. HD DVD and Blu-ray disc players were introduced in 2006. Toshiba ceased production of HD DVD players in early 2008 after key defections from the HD DVD camp damaged the viability of the format. As of 2010 it still remains to be seen whether Blu-ray will stimulate the sales of HD pre-recorded films on disc, and more HD monitors and tuners. Consumer camcorders are also available in HD-video format at fairly low prices. These developments will result in more options for viewing widescreen images on television monitors. Widescreen Computer Displays Computer displays with aspect ratios wider than 4:3 are also called widescreen. Widescreen computer displays are mainly intended for computers used, at least sometimes, to display entertainment; data processing tends to use 4:3. Widescreen computer displays are typically of the 1.6 (8:5, typically written as 16:10) aspect ratio. True widescreen (16:9) monitors can be found in resolutions of 1024576, 1152648, 1280720, 1600900, and 19201080. Apples 27 iMac introduced a new 16:9 resolution: 25601440 in late 2009. By 2010 many manufacturers had practically abandoned the older 4:3 format, instead opting to manufacture 16:10 models, and lately, even shorter 16:9 displays. Suitability for applications Since many modern DVDs and some TV shows are in a widescreen format, widescreen displays are optimal for their playback on a computer. 16:9 material on a 16:10 display will be letterboxed, but only slightly. However, when screen width is not an issue, as in data processing or viewing 4:3 entertainment material such as older films and digitalphotographs, the sides of the widescreen image may be wasted, although it can be useful to display two or more windows side-by-side.. Most non-linear digital video editing software benefits more from horizontal space than from vertical space. However, for data processing many computer programs often have many toolbars and other information such as status bars, headers, and tabs, which require vertical space. In such cases the additional width is unwanted; on a computer used only for data-processing the additional screen area is better dedicated to a larger 4:3 screen. When displaying a document or ebook, two pages can be displayed side by side on a wide screen, or two documents compared. If a desktop monitor supports it, a whole single page of a book or document can be displayed on a rotated portrait-oriented screen. A very few computer games, including the first few Command Conquer games, run at a native 640400 resolution, making them exceptionally well-suited to 8:5 monitors. A slightly larger number, including Doom 3, can be set to either widescreen or full screen (4:3), with the widescreen options offering wider horizontal fields of view without sacrificing vertical FOV. However, most computer games are not designed for optimum effect on a widescreen display, being stretched unnaturally, not filling the screen, or letterboxed. Older laptop computers with a pointing device that did not take up space such as a pointing stick (Trackpoint) or trackball attached to the side of the machine could accommodate a keyboard which matched a 16:9 screen well. The use of touchpads, which require a lot of space below the keyboard, and the removal of keys such as the Numeric keypad more accurately matches the 4:3 ratio of a screen found on smaller net books and laptops. Widescreen Notebook Displays The earliest instance of the widescreen display being installed inside a notebook computer can be traced back to the Sony C1 which displayed a resolution of just 800 x 480. Widescreens made their official entrance in PC notebooks in 2003, although Apple preceded this by offering the 15 widescreen Power Mac. In 2005, the popularity of widescreen notebooks reached a new high with the unveiling of the Thinkpad widescreen Z60 series notebooks. Sonys pioneering widescreen VAIO C1 notebook The question is: Is the widescreen format for everybody? A big part of the answer will depend on what a widescreen notebook or monitor is used to do. Here are some considerations that might help with your decision: 1. Widescreen Notebooks The length and width of a widescreen notebooks screen set it apart from the standard notebook. The average notebook uses an aspect ratio of 4:3 and a resolution of 1024 x 768 pixels. The widescreen notebook breaks with tradition and increases screen size 25% lengthwise for proportions equal to that of the cinema screen or a widescreen LCD TV. 2. Widescreen Display Sizes The Sony C1 may have started it all, but it is by now considered only as a small-sized widescreen notebook, which is anything below 12.1. Currently on offer are 8.9, 10.6, 11.1, 12.1, 13.3, 14, 15.4, and 17 display sizes, with 19 products reportedly in the pipeline. 3. Widescreen Resolutions and their Corresponding Aspect Ratios Here are the common resolutions found in widescreen displays: 800 x 480 Representing an aspect ratio of 10:6, it was seen first in the Sony C1 notebook computer. Although this resolution is very low by todays standards, it was still quite acceptable compared to the 800 x 600 (4:3) resolutions of the time. Although the C1s screen measured only 8.9, it came as a part of the C1s delightfully tight packaging and superb portability. Currently, displays of this resolution are rarely available. 1024 x 600 Also having an aspect ratio of 10:6, it is meant to challenge the mainstream screen with 1024 x 768 resolution. 1280x 768 1280800 The 1280 x 768 resolution representing an aspect ratio of 16:9.5 and the 1280 x 800 resolution representing 16:10 respectively; these are the two most common resolutions used in contemporary 10.6, 12.1, 13.3, 14, 15.4 widescreen displays and can be considered entry-level for widescreen notebook computers. They provide about a 25% increase in onscreen content compared to screens displaying resolutions of 1024 x 768. 1280 x 854 This resolution (16:10.5) was used first in the 15.4 Power Mac notebook computer and adopted later by a limited number of other PC notebooks (mostly sized 154). This resolution has fallen out of favor in recent times. 1366 x 768 This resolution provides a perfect 16:9 aspect ratio and a perfect home for DVD movies and no more annoying black bands above and below the picture. It is currently available in the 11.1 VAIO Type TX widescreen notebook. 1440 x 900 This resolution (16:10) is found in 17 notebooks only, and is positioned as entry level in 17 widescreen notebooks. 1680 x 1050 This is currently the mainstream resolution (also 16:10) for 17 widescreen notebook computer displays. Users will experience a 35% increase in onscreen content compared to the normal 17 screen displaying a resolution of 1280 x 1024. 1920 x 1200 This is the pinnacle for current 17 widescreen notebook displays, and provides a 75% increase in onscreen content when compared to a normal 17 screen of 1280 x 1024 resolution. The resolution is a perfect fit for 1080p and 1080i (1920 x 1080 16:9) HDTV. 4. Benefits of the Widescreen When used for entertainment, a widescreen display is in its element when showing widescreen DVD movies in their intended 16:9 aspect ratio. This means a bigger picture more comfort and less wasted space (less or no black bands on either side of the picture). The widescreen display also makes it easier to edit and view panoramic images and may eliminate troublesome horizontal scrolling altogether. Comparison of different resolutions Another benefit of the widescreen display is evident when it comes to serious work the ability to display two windows side by side and to drag and drop (or copy n paste) data without having to switch between them is priceless. 5. Is the Widescreen Display Perfect? Weve covered a lot of the widescreen displays positive points, but that doesnt mean that there are no drawbacks. Here are some of them: a. The first and most obvious drawback is price, with the widescreen display being quite a bit pricier than the corresponding 4:3 display This is also the reason why widescreen displays are so ubiquitously absent at the entry level price points, though the gap is getting closer. b. The next problem is an issue of mobility, although this really points to notebook sizes 15 and above. It does depend, however, on the design philosophy of the manufacturer some use the desktop replacement mentality and cause their products to be quite large in size and therefore heavier as well. c. Compatibility with applications especially games may be an issue as many games are programmed to be displayed in 4:3 aspect ratio. Depending on your settings, you will experience black bands to the sides of the image, or you may try and stretch the image, which will look uncomfortable in any case. Certainly more and more, if not all, games today are compatible with widescreen display Latest development in widescreen display: Widescreen LCD displays: Barcos LC series of High-Resolution LCD displays has been specifically designed for use in a wide variety of professional applications. The LC family presents crisp, clear and color-accurate images on 42, 47 and 56 screen sizes. Dedicated versions with HD-SDI inputs are available. Featuring some of the most advanced LCD technology available today, Barcos LC series stands for the ultimate in detail. The LC series consists of a 42 and 47 display in native full high definition (19201080 pixels) and a 56 display in quad full high definition (38402160 pixels). Benefits: High brightness High contrast, even in high ambient light environments High resolution and pixel density Frame lock and gunlock functionality Low power consumption Long lifetime Technology used: Plasma screen technology LED technology CRT (cathode ray tube) LCD Plasma screen technology: Flat panel plasma display is the latest display technology and the best way to achieve displays with excellent image quality and large, flat screen sizes that are easily viewable in any environment. Plasma panels are an array of cells, known as pixels, which are composed of three sub pixels, corresponding to the colors red, green, and blue. Gas in the plasma state is used to react with phosphors in each sub pixel to produce colored light (red, green, or blue). These phosphors are the same types used in cathode ray tube (CRT) devices such as televisions and standard computer monitors. You get the rich dynamic colors that you expect. Each sub pixel is individually controlled by advanced electronics to produce over 16 million different colors. All of this means that you get perfect images that are easily viewable in a display that is less than six inches thick. LED technology : There are many consumer advantages to LEDs over incandescent or fluorescent light bulbs. LED lights consume much less energy. They are 300 percent more efficient than a compact fluorescent light (CFL), and 1,000 percent more efficient than an incandescent bulb. They have a very long life, about 50,000 hours of use at 70 percent of their original power. (LEDs dont burn out or flicker, they simply fade.) This works out to eight hours a day for 13 years at 70 percent power. A typical 60-watt incandescent bulb may last about 1,000 hours. LED lighting contains no mercury or other toxins. LEDs emit no ultra violet (UV) light, so they dont attract bugs. They dont generate heat, so they are cool to the touch. They dont generate radio frequency waves, so they dont interfere with radios or television broadcasts. They also are resistant to vibrations and shocks. CRT (cathode ray tube): The Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube containing an electron gun (a source of electrons) and a fluorescent screen, with internal or external means to accelerate and deflect the electron beam, used to create images in the form of light emitted from the fluorescent screen. The image may represent electrical waveforms (oscilloscope), pictures (television, computer monitor), radar targets and others.The CRT uses an evacuated glass envelope which is large, deep, heavy, and relatively fragile. LCD (Liquid-crystal display): Liquid-crystal display televisions (LCD TV) are television sets that use LCD technology to produce images. LCD televisions are thinner and lighter than CRTs of similar display size, and are available in much larger sizes. This combination of features made LCDs more practical than CRTs for many roles, and as manufacturing costs fell, their eventual dominance of the television market was all but guaranteed. In 2007, LCD televisions surpassed sales of CRT-based televisions worldwide for the first time, and their sales figures relative to other technologies are accelerating. LCD TVs are quickly displacing the only major competitors in the large-screen market, the plasma display panel and rear-projection television. LCDs are, by far, the most widely produced and sold television technology today, pushing all other technologies into niche roles .

College Admissions Essay: A Life Changing Experience :: College Admissions Essays

A Life Changing Experience    The experience of the APEC Youth Science festival was incredible. It has had an enormous impact on me in many ways, changing the way I look at the world and connecting me with people and events far beyond my formerly limited experience. I am extremely glad to have had this opportunity. It was a wonderful experience on multiple levels. It challenged me and expanded me intellectually and socially. I feel that this experience has had an immense impact on me.    Through this program I had first-hand access to some of the brightest young minds in both the United States and the world. The sharing among students of ideas and experiences in science, and in other areas as well, was enlightening. I felt like I had the chance to absorb knowledge from those around me. This environment spread beyond the students and also included the faculty and speakers. We had access to incredible faculty who were able to give much to the experience and share their own science insights. The program also brought in speakers and other science professionals from around the world who were at the top of their respective fields. This festival gave me real access to the movers and shakers of the science world, an experience beyond any available to me anywhere else.    The most fascinating aspect of this experience, for me, was the exposure to new cultures. This includes the twist culture puts on science. I found huge difference in the viewpoints of many cultures towards science related issues surprising. For instance many cultures had vastly different ways of looking at the forthcoming issues surrounding the implications of genetic engineering. The Asian and American cultures were very different in many work habit areas as well. There was an interesting group dynamic as culturally mixed groups strove to collectively complete group projects. The cultural sharing in science went beyond how questions were answered to how they were asked to which questions were most important and even which questions were addressed. while observing the cultural spin on science and work habits was an interesting pastime, the true wonder was cultural sharing on a greater scale.    This program exposed me to Asian cultures in a way I had never thought possible. Living in an Asian country, even for only a week, and being mixed with students from around the world brought me face to face with cultures I had never before truly experienced.